Date and DateTime

Name	Description	Syntax
DATETIME	Creates a datetime based on the provided year, month, day, hour, minute, and second values	DATETIME(year, month, day, hour, minute, second)
DATE	Creates a date based on the provided year, month, and day values	DATE(year, month, day)
DATE_ADD	Adds a specified offset of time (e.g., seconds, minutes, hours) to a given date or datetime	DATE_ADD(date, offset, \second/minute/hour/day/month/year\")"
DATE_DIFF	Calculates the difference in days, weeks, months, quarters, or years between two dates	DATE_DIFF(End_date, Start_date, “day”/”week”/”month”/”quarter”/”year”)
DAYS_IN_MONTH	Calculates the number of days in the month for a given date or datetime	DAYS_IN_MONTH(date)
DAYS_IN_YEAR	Calculates the number of days in a year for a given date or datetime, considering leap years	DAYS_IN_YEAR(date)
DAY	Retrieves the day of the month from a given date or datetime	DAY(date)
DAY_OF_WEEK	Determines the day of the week for a given date or datetime, where Monday is 1, Tuesday is 2, and so on	DAY_OF_WEEK(date)
DAY_OF_YEAR	Calculates the day of the year for a given date or datetime	DAY_OF_YEAR(date)
HOUR	Extracts the hour component from a given datetime	HOUR(datetime)
INTERVAL (Date)	Adds a specified number of days, weeks, months, quarters, or years to a date	date + INTERVAL number DAY/MONTH/YEAR
INTERVAL (DateTime)	Adds a specified number of seconds, minutes, or hours to a datetime	datetime + INTERVAL number SECOND/MINUTE/HOUR
MINUTE	Extracts the minute component from a given datetime	MINUTE(datetime)
MONTH	Retrieves the month component from a given date	MONTH(date)
NOW	Retrieves the current date and time	NOW()
QUARTER	Retrieves the quarter of the year from a given date or datetime	QUARTER(date)
SECOND	Extracts the second component from a given datetime	SECOND(datetime)
TIME_PERIOD	Returns a standard time period (e.g., day, week, month, quarter, year) for a given date or datetime field	TIME_PERIOD(date, "day"/"week"/"month"/"quarter"/"year")
TIME_PERIOD_OFFSET	Calculates the number of time periods between a given date and the current period	TIME_PERIOD_OFFSET(date, "day"/"week"/"month"/"quarter"/"year"/"decade")
TODAY	Retrieves the current date	TODAY()
WEEK/WEEK_OF_YEAR	Determines the week number of the year for a given date or datetime	WEEK(date)
YEAR	Retrieves the year component from a given date or datetime	YEAR(date)

Formatting

Name	Description	Syntax
TO_BOOLEAN	Converts a value to a boolean (true/false) format	TO_BOOLEAN(value)
TO_DATETIME	Converts text to a datetime format	TO_DATETIME(text)
TO_DATE	Converts text to a date format	TO_DATE(text)
TO_INTEGER	Converts a value to an integer	TO_INTEGER(value)
TO_NUMBER	Converts a value to a numerical format	TO_NUMBER(value)
TO_TEXT	Converts a value, whether it's a datetime or any other data type, to a text format	TO_TEXT(value), TO_TEXT(datetime, “[format]”)

Keywords

Name	Description	Syntax
CASE...WHEN...	Evaluates conditions and returns a value based on the first true condition	CASE WHEN condition1 THEN result1 WHEN condition2 THEN result2 ... ELSE default_result END
IN	Checks if a value exists within a specified set of values	IN (...,...)

Logical

Name	Description	Syntax
IFS	Returns a value corresponding to the first true condition	IFS(condition1, value1, condition2, value2, ‚…,…)
IF	Returns one value if a condition is true and another if false	IF(condition, value when true, value when false)

Math

Name	Description	Syntax
ABS	Returns the absolute value of a number, ignoring its sign (+/-)	ABS(number)
CEIL	Rounds a number up to the nearest integer	CEIL(number)
FLOOR	Rounds a number down to the nearest integer	FLOOR(number)
GREATEST	Returns the greatest value among the given columns (i.e., arguments)	GREATEST(arg1, arg2, ...)
LEAST	Returns the smallest value among the given columns (i.e., arguments)	LEAST(arg1, arg2, ...)
LOG	Calculates the logarithm of a number to a specified base	LOG(number, base)
MOD	Returns the remainder of a division operation	MOD(dividend, divisor)
POWER	Raises a number to the power of another number	POWER(number, exponent)
RANDOM	Generates a random decimal value between 0 and 1	RANDOM()
ROUNDDOWN	Rounds a number down to the nearest integer	ROUNDDOWN(number)
ROUNDUP	Rounds a number up to the nearest integer	ROUNDUP(number)
ROUND	Rounds a number to a specified number of decimal places	ROUND(number, [decimals])

Multi-Row Aggregation & Windowing

Name	Description	Syntax
AVG	Calculates the average value of numbers	AVG(number)
CONCAT	Combines all text values	CONCAT(text)
CONCAT_DISTINCT	Combines unique text values	CONCAT_DISTINCT(text)
COUNT	Counts the number of values	COUNT(arg)
COUNT_DISTINCT	Counts the distinct number of values	COUNT_DISTINCT(arg)
CUMULATIVE_SUM	Calculates the running sum	CUMULATIVE_SUM(number)
FILL	Populates missing values for values above or below the row	FILL(arg)
FIRST	Returns the first-row value	FIRST(arg)
LAG	Returns the last-row value	LAG(arg)
LAST	Returns the previous-row value	LAST(arg)
LEAD	Returns the next-row value	LEAD(arg)
MAX	Returns the maximum value	MAX(arg)
MEDIAN	Returns the median value	MEDIAN(number)
MIN	Returns the minimum value	MIN(arg)
NTILE	Assigns a bucket number based on the number of tiles requested	NTILE(arg)
RANK	Assigns a rank to each row with ties receiving the same rank	RANK()
ROW_NUM	Assigns a row number to each row with ties receiving different values	ROW_NUM()
STDDEV	Calculates the standard deviation of numbers	STDDEV(number)
SUM	Calculates the sum of numbers	SUM(number)
VAR	Calculates the variance of numbers	VAR(number)

Text

Name	Description	Syntax
COALESCE	Returns the first non-null value from a list of options.	COALESCE(option1, option2, ,…)
CONCAT	Concatenates multiple text text values into a single text	CONCAT(text1, text2, ‚…)
CONTAINS	Determines whether a specified subtext exists within a text	CONTAINS(text, subtext)
FIRST_NOT_EMPTY	Returns the first non-empty value from a list of options.	FIRST_NOT_EMPTY(option1, option2, ...)
HASH	Computes the hash value of a text using a specified algorithm (MD5 or SHA-1)	HASH(”md5”/”sha1”, text)
HTML_ESCAPE	Escapes HTML special characters in text	ESCAPE_HTML(text)
IS_EMPTY	Checks if a value or field is empty	IS_EMPTY(arg)
JSON_FIELD	Extracts a specific field from JSON data	JSON_FIELD(json, json_path)
JSON_SET	Sets a value for a specific field in JSON data	JSON_SET(json, json_path, value)
LEFT_PART	Retrieves the leftmost characters from text	LEFT_PART(text, number)
LENGTH	Computes the length (number of characters) of text	LENGTH(text)
LEVENSHTEIN	Measures the edit distance (Levenshtein distance) between two texts	LEVENSHTEIN(text1, text2)
LOWER	Converts text to all lowercase characters	LOWER(text)
MID	Extracts a portion of text starting from a specified position with a given length	MID(text, start, [length])
PAD_LEFT	Add padding characters to the left side of text, ensuring it reaches a specified length	PAD_LEFT(text, length, character)
PAD_RIGHT	Add padding characters to the right side of text, ensuring it reaches a specified length	PAD_RIGHT(text, length, character)
PROPER	Capitalizes the first letter of each word in text	PROPER(text)
REGEX_EXTRACT	Extracts text that matches a regular expression pattern	REGEX_EXTRACT(text, “pattern", [offset])
REGEX_MATCH	Checks if text matches a specified regular expression pattern	REGEX_MATCH(text, “pattern")
REGEX_REPLACE	Replaces text that matches a regular expression pattern with a specified replacement	REGEX_REPLACE(text, “pattern”, replacement)
REGEX_SEARCH	Returns the index of the first character of the first matching subtext based on a regular expression pattern	REGEX_SEARCH(text, “pattern", [offset])
REPEAT	Repeats a specified text a given number of times.	REPEAT(text, number)
REPLACE	Replaces all occurrences of a specified search text with a replacement text	REPLACE(text, search, replace)
REVERSE	Reverses the order of characters in text	REVERSE(text)
RIGHT_PART	Extracts the rightmost characters of text up to a specified length	RIGHT_PART(text, number)
SEARCH	Searches for a specific subtext within text and returns the index of the first occurrence	SEARCH(text, search)
SOUNDEX	Converts text to a SOUNDEX code for phonetic matching	SOUNDEX(text)
SPLIT_PART	Extracts a specific part of text using a delimiter	SPLIT_PART(text, delimiter, part)
UNESCAPE_HTML	Converts HTML escape sequences in text back to their original characters	UNESCAPE_HTML(text)
UPPER	Converts text to all uppercase characters	UPPER(text)